This volume includes ten chapters that detail recent advancements in cardiovascular research. Chapter One explains atherosclerotic plaques and how the complement system plays a critical role during its formation. Chapter Two elaborates on the role of cardiac magnetic resonance in assessing the degree of Aortic stenosis and cardiac function. Chapter Three discusses the strong association between cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular disease. Chapter Four reviews the benefit of using a palliative care intervention in patients with heart failure. Chapter Five investigates cognitive function in patients that have had coronary artery bypass grafting. Chapter Six proposes treatment and a method for rapid and operational monitoring of the state of the heart muscle at the molecular level. Chapter Seven discusses atrial septal defects. Chapter Eight explains the correlation between the conformations of nucleosomes in the solenoid of the chromosomes of SA cells and the conformations of the NC1 domain in the collagen of these cells. Chapter Nine presents a clinically feasible temporary aortic valve. Lastly, Chapter Ten introduces the current scientific findings of acupuncture as an effective treatment in controlling blood pressure.