This collection focuses on transformations in the governance of education, paying attention to the trans-nationalisation of educational policies and the emergence of new actors in education. It focuses on the knowledge and instruments of government that shape education systems at different scales of governance. The book is a contribution to this field of research, focusing on the new roles and responsibilities of elites inside and outside the education state. It offers in-depth case studies based on an international comparison, examining the dynamics at work in the production and circulation of knowledge, the interplay of interests and power, and the ability of elites to define and lead public action programmes. The research and reflections presented in this book will help students, researchers, practitioners and policy-makers to better understand the transformations in decision-making at a time of globalisation and nationalism in education.